DNA TESTS EXPLANATION:  

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1. HUU - Hyperuricosuria is characterized by elevated levels of uric acid in the urine. This disease predisposes dogs to form stones in their bladders or sometimes kidneys. The trait can occur in any breed. Hyperuricosuria is inherited as a simple autosomal recessive trait.

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Hyperuricosuria / Urate Stones (HUU). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

 

2. MH - Maligant hyperthermia is an inherited disorder of skeletal muscle characterized by hypercarbia, rhabdomyolysis, generalized skeletal muscle contracture, cardiac dysrhythmia, and renal failure, that develops on exposure to succinylcholine or volatile anesthetic agents. Specific interventions, including use of the calcium release channel antagonist dantrolene, are efficacious in reversing signs of the canine syndrome.

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

The dog will never develop MH (Malignant Hyperthermia) and therefore it can be used in breeding.

 

3. prcd-PRA - Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) as an inherited disease occurs in many dog breeds and also in different forms. The form of progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd-PRA) is a photoreceptor degeneration in dogs with varying ages of onset. This genetic disorder causes the degeneration of retinal cells in the eye: firstly, rod cells are affected, thus leading to progressive night blindness. Secondly, degeneration of the cone cells results in complete blindness of the dog, even in full light situations during the day.

Age of onset of clinical symptoms is typically in early adolescence or early adulthood. However, the onset of the disease may vary among different dog breeds.

Since diagnosis of retinal diseases in dogs may prove difficult, the genetic test on prcd-PRA helps to diagnose a specific disease and is also a useful tool for breeders to eliminate the mutated gene from the dog population.

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy. The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

 

4. rcd4 PRA/LOPRA - Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a major hereditary cause of blindness in pedigree dogs as is its counterpart retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. PRA shows genetic heterogeneity, as does RP, with several distinct forms already recognized and several more remaining to be investigated.

One can distinguish between late onset forms of PRA and early onset (whelp-age) dysplastic changes. The clinical and ophthalmologic signs of both forms are similar. Affected dogs suffer from bilateral Mydriasis, the reflection of the Tapetum lucidum is increased and the retinal vascular network appears atrophic.

The rcd4 PRA is another form of PRA, it is also known as LOPRA (Late Onset PRA) the age of onset of dogs with LOPRA varies from few years of age (2-3 years) up to old age (10-11 years)

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Progressive retinal atrophy ( rcd4-PRA) / LOPRA. The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

 

5. vWD I - Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is probably the most common inherited bleeding disorder in dogs. It is caused by lack of von Willebrand factor which is a protein that plays a key role in the blood clotting process resulting in prolonged bleeding. The disorder occurs in varying degrees of severity ranging from trivial bleeding to excessive life threatening hemorrhages. Symptoms include spontaneous bleeding from the nose, gum and other mucous membranes. Excessive bleeding occurs after an injury, trauma or a surgery. Often dogs don’t show clinical signs until something starts the bleeding, such as nail trimming, teething, spaying, sterilizing, tail docking, cropping or other causes. Bleeding also occurs internally in the stomach, intestines, urinary tracts, the genitals and / or into the joints.

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will develop von Willebrand disease Type I (vWD I). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

 

6. NE/NEWS - Neonatal encephalopathy with seizures is an autosomal recessive developmental brain disease. Affected puppies exhibit extreme weakness, those that survive the first week of life generally develop progressively worse ataxia and a whole-body tremor. This is often accompanied by severe generalized clonic-tonic seizures. None have survived to 7 weeks of age. ´

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Neonatal encephalopathy (NE / NEWS). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

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7. MTC-D - Macrothrombocytopenia ( MTC ) is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait characterized by low platelet count and the presence of some larger than normal platelets in circulation.

Unlike acquired macrothrombocytopenia (thrombocytopenias secondary to infectious agents, medications, immune-mediated causes), this form does not respond to treatment.

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.                                                                                

 It is very unlikely that the dog will develop Macrothrombocytopenia ( MTC- R ). The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

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8. OCD - Osteochondrodysplasia is a genetic disorder which causes a slowed development and growth of cartilage and bones that creates dwarfism and deformities. It is thought to be a hereditary abnormality of the growth receptor genes. This condition almost always affects all four of the long bones in your dog’s legs, but has been known to affect only two or three legs in some cases. The result is severe pain and discomfort for your dog that can eventually cause more serious problems as your dog gets older, such as arthritis and back problems.
 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.                                                                                       It is very The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

 

9. GM2 gangliosidosis -  is a progressive neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage disease caused by a recessive mutation. Affected dogs are unable to break down certain enzymes, which are needed to degrade neuronal membrane components, ganglioside GM2, its derivative GA2, the glycolipid globoside in visceral tissues. Accumulation of these metabolites leads to a progressive destruction of the central nervous system. Affected dogs typically exhibit symptoms of neurologic disease around the age of 9 to 12 months. Symptoms include loss of vision, walking difficulties, loss of balance, head tremors and vomiting. Once an affected dog begins to show signs of the disease, the disease progresses rapidly and dogs usually die between the ages of 18 and 23 months.

 

Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will develop GM2 Gangliosidosis Variant 0. The dog will never pass the mutation to its offspring, and therefore it can be bred to any other dog.

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10. DM Degenerative Myelopathy - Canine degenerative myelopathy (also known as chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy) is a progressive disease of the spinal cord in older dogs. The disease has an insidious onset typically between 7 and 14 years of age. It begins with a loss of coordination (ataxia) in the hind limbs. The disease is chronic and progressive, and resulting in paralysis.

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Clear - The dog is noncarrier of the mutant gene.

It is very unlikely that the dog will show signs of the Degenerative Myelopathy